As more than 25 million people are placed on a two-week lockdown in parts of Nigeria in a bid to curtail the spread of coronavirus, poor people in congested neighbourhoods are worried about how they will cope, writes the BBC’s Nduka Orjinmo from the commercial capital Lagos.
“From where do we get the extra water to wash the hands you are talking about,” asked Debby Ogunsola, 36, as she led me down a dark corridor towards her room in the Alapere area of Lagos state.
A lockdown in Lagos – the commercial hub of Nigeria, as well as the neighbouring state of Ogun and the capital Abuja – came into force on Monday night, following an announcement by President Muhammadu Buhari that the fight against the virus was a “matter of life and death”.
For Ms Ogunsola it will be difficult to remain indoors. She and her family live in one room in a block of 20, locally called Face-me-I-face-you because of their close proximity to each other.
There is no electricity, and when I visited, light was coming in through where a door should have been standing. Outside there were two toilets and bathrooms shared by all the families living in the 20 rooms.
No money to stockpile
Across an open drain from Ms Ogunsola’s residence are more rows of similar apartments. One has an expansive veranda where two old women were sitting and talking.
It is not uncommon for urban Nigerian families to live with older relatives, who also double up as nannies.
And the concern is that these old people could be at risk if the virus spreads.
“They are at home and they are still gathering in crowded conditions. If you were to have someone who has the virus there, the chances of spreading it is high,” said Dr Oyewale Odubanjo, a public health expert.
In Italy, many multi-generational families also live together and this is one reason why it has seen more coronavirus deaths than any other country.
All non-essential travel has been banned in most states and many workers, including civil servants, have been told to work from home.
But with a lack of reliable electricity supplies and poor internet connections, it is hard to see how most people will get any work done.
There were long queues at supermarkets after President Buhari announced the lockdown, with people rushing to stock up on essentials.
But many Nigerians live hand-to-mouth, often on less than $1 (£0.80) and they cannot stock up on food or other essentials.
Many workers are also yet to be paid their wages for March so there are deep concerns about the financial implications of a lockdown.
Mr Buhari outlined some measures to ease the hardship, including a one-month advance payment of the monthly $13 given to the poorest of the poor, but most people feel that millions of self-employed Nigerians have been left without financial aid.
“It’s only those who have money that can buy now. If you do not have what can you do?” said a taxi driver parked outside a supermarket.
There are also fears that if things get worse in the urban areas, people would ignore the ban on travel and start moving to rural areas – where they are guaranteed food from family farms but where there is a higher population of vulnerable older people and more limited health services.
“That would be bedlam, total madness, if people begin to move to their villages,” said town planner Ayobami Bamidele.
“Whatever happens, people should remain where they are. We will survive this,” he said.
Early March now seems like a long time ago, when the World Health Organization praised Nigeria for its handling of coronavirus after the first case was reported in the country.
Officials had swiftly identified, traced and quarantined contacts of the Italian man they referred to as the index case.
But now there is growing concern that Nigeria has not done enough to curb the spread of the virus, and its health system is ill-equipped to cope with a major outbreak.
‘We shall survive’
Nigeria has few testing kits, but many asymptomatic government officials and music stars are being tested, raising questions about the fairness of the process.
Despite Mr Buhari’s promise when he took office to put an end to medical tourism, he and other government officials still go abroad for treatment. However, this is unlikely to happen if any official gets Covid-19.
“Even if you are wealthy, you will have to use the same health facilities with others, whether good or bad – nobody is going to accept a patient from abroad to treat,” Dr Odubanjo said.
Lagos and some other states introduced restrictions on large gatherings about a fortnight ago, but many people – including some pastors – are ignoring calls to adhere to social distancing.
Meanwhile, back at a crowded bus stop in Alapere, hawkers competed for every inch of available space to sell their wares, ignoring any thought of social distancing. Most were not concerned about the virus.
“All death is death,” a woman selling smoked fish on a tray said in Pidgin, as she nipped between two yellow buses.
“If I stay home, I will die of hunger, if I come out to hustle you say I will die of coronavirus.
“There is nothing we have not seen and we are still here, we shall survive this one,” she said, smacking her lips.
